Certified Human Resource Professional (CHRP) Practice Exam

Which learning theory emphasizes that people learn through observations and imitating others?

1. Behaviorism

2. Cognitivism

3. Constructivism

4. Social Learning Theory

The correct answer is: Social Learning Theory

The emphasis of Social Learning Theory is on the idea that individuals can learn not just through direct experience, but also by observing the behaviors of others and the consequences of those behaviors. This theory, primarily associated with Albert Bandura, highlights the importance of models in the learning process. By watching others, individuals can acquire new behaviors and skills, as well as understand the appropriateness and effectiveness of those behaviors based on the outcomes observed. In this context, Social Learning Theory integrates concepts of both behavior and cognition, recognizing that while external reinforcement and punishment play a role, cognitive processes such as attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation are also crucial in the learning process. This approach addresses various aspects of learning that go beyond mere conditioning, which is more aligned with Behaviorism. It also differs from Cognitivism, which focuses more on internal mental processes, and Constructivism, which emphasizes the learner's active role in constructing knowledge from experiences. Therefore, the answer accurately reflects the key principle that learning can occur through observation and imitation, making Social Learning Theory the correct choice.